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Archaeology

Archaeology, archeology, or archæology (from Greek: αρχαίος, archaios, combining form in Latin archae-, "ancient"; and λόγος, logos, "knowledge") is the study of human cultures through the recovery, documentation and analysis of material remains and environmental data, including architecture, artifacts, biofacts, human remains, and landscapes.

The goals of archaeology are to document and explain the origins and development of human culture, understand culture history, chronicle cultural evolution, and study human behavior and ecology, for both prehistoric and historic societies. It is considered, in North America, to be one of the four sub-fields of anthropology.

Origins and definition
Archaeology is the study of human culture through material remains from humans in the past. In the Old World, archaeology has tended to focus on the study of physical remains, the methods used in recovering them and the theoretical and philosophical underpinnings in achieving the subject's goals. The discipline's roots in antiquarianism and the study of Latin and Ancient Greek provided it with a natural affinity with the field of history. In the United States and, increasingly, in other parts of the world, archaeology is more commonly devoted to the study of human societies and is regarded as one of the four branches of anthropology. The other three branches are cultural anthropology, which studies behavioural, symbolic, and material dimensions of culture; linguistics, which studies language, including the origins of language and language groups; and physical anthropology, which includes the study of human evolution and physical and genetic characteristics. Other disciplines also supplement archaeology, including history, art history, classics, geography, geology, paleontology, paleozoology, paleoethnobotany, and paleobotany. Archaeology has been described as a craft that enlists the sciences to illuminate the humanities.[citation needed] According to American archaeologist Walter Taylor in A Study of Archeology (American Anthropological Association 1948), "Archaeology is neither history nor anthropology. As an autonomous discipline, it consists of a method and a set of specialised techniques for the gathering, or 'production' of cultural information".

Archaeology is an approach to understanding human culture through its material remains regardless of chronology. In England, archaeologists have uncovered the long-lost layouts of medieval villages abandoned after the crises of the 14th century and the equally lost layouts of 17th century parterre gardens swept away by a change in fashion. In downtown New York City archaeologists have exhumed the 18th century remains of the African burial ground. Traditional archaeology is viewed as the study of pre-historic human cultures, that is, cultures that existed before the development of writing for that culture. Historical archaeology is the study of cultures with some form of writing.Learn Archaeology, SCHOOLS Archaeology, COLLEGES Archaeology, INSTITUTES Archaeology Coaching Archaeology, Masters Archaeology, Doctorate Archaeology, Postgraduate Archaeology, Useful Archaeology, University Archaeology, Scholarships Archaeology, Programme Archaeology, Phd Archaeology, Jobs Archaeology, Work Archaeology, Careers Archaeology, Information Archaeology, Information Archaeology, Courses Archaeology, Guidance Archaeology, Graduate Archaeology, Higher Studies in Archaeology.

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